As technology continues to evolve, new research leads to new
solutions for common problems in different medical fields.
Dental laser technology is one of the many alternatives
developed to improve common practice by making it more
efficient and less time-consuming.
Being designed to perform a wide range of treatments, dental
lasers have become a reliable option for many procedures.
What is a dental laser?
The word laser is an acronym for "Light Amplification by
Stimulated Emission of Radiation." It is a powerful wavelength
of light fired directly at a precise location using a device.
The first laser was created in 1960 and was first tested on a
tooth in 1965. However, it was not until 1995 that it was
approved by the FDA for dental practices.
How does it work?
Lasers are complex systems that emit monochromatic light
consisting of a single wavelength of light. This wavelength is
reflected back and forth through the mirrors inside the
device, which increases its power before being redirected
toward the tissues. Once the light comes into contact with the
tissues, they absorb the wavelength.
It raises the temperature of the tissue and vaporizes it,
creating an effect similar to cutting and cauterizing.
Types of dental lasers and uses
Lasers are divided into two groups based on the type of tissue they can interact with:
- Hard tissue lasers: interact with enamel, dentin, and bone.
- Soft tissue lasers: interact with the gums.
Currently, there are many uses for lasers in dentistry. However, the most common uses include procedures such as:
- Cavity removal: lasers can remove decay while leaving the surrounding healthy enamel or dentin intact.
- Tooth preparation for a filling: It allows smoothing the edges of the cavity and leaving it ready for the filling material to be applied. Additionally, some lasers can be used to condition the enamel and replace acid etching. Furthermore, the high temperatures they produce help eliminate bacteria and keep the preparation clean.
- Treating hypersensitivity: Lasers can be used to seal dentinal tubules to prevent hypersensitivity to cold and heat.
- Crown lengthening: the laser cuts the gums surrounding the tooth to increase the crown length. This can be done for aesthetic or therapeutic reasons. Since the laser cauterizes as it cuts, bleeding is minimized and healing is faster.
- Frenectomy: a procedure that involves cutting the frenulum using the laser to place it in a better position. This is usually done to avoid speech problems.
- Treating periodontitis: lasers can be used to eliminate the bacteria that cause periodontitis.
Dental lasers offer an alternative to traditional methods. Anxious patients can benefit from their use, as they do not produce the drilling sound that often triggers the anxiety response. Additionally, their ability to eliminate bacteria is especially useful for improving healing after any procedure. Whether used to remove cavities or treat gums, dental lasers have been shown to offer excellent results.